plaintext = [b'all hail caesar.', b'caesar is the key'] alpha = b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz' def ceasar(text, r): out = bytearray() for t in text: if t in alpha: t = t - b'a'[0] t = (t + r)%26 out.append(t + b'a'[0]) else: out.append(t) return bytes(out) encode = lambda text : ceasar(text, 13) decode = lambda text : ceasar(text, -13) c = encode(plaintext[0]) print('