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Merge pull request #18 from dirtbags/neale 

Example puzzles, devel-server --puzzles option, and a few moth.py enhancements
This commit is contained in:
Neale Pickett 2017-01-09 10:10:12 -07:00 committed by GitHub
parent d42229f3c5 e46ae9ccd0
commit d7b22673a4
13 changed files with 291 additions and 311 deletions
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10
README.md
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@ -29,10 +29,16 @@ for details.
Getting Started Developing
-------------------------------
$ git clone $your_puzzles_repo puzzles
If you don't have a `puzzles` directory,
you can copy the example puzzles as a starting point:
$ cp -r example-puzzles puzzles
Then launch the development server:
$ python3 tools/devel-server.py
Then point a web browser at http://localhost:8080/
Point a web browser at http://localhost:8080/
and start hacking on things in your `puzzles` directory.
More on how the devel sever works in

8
example-puzzles/example/1/puzzle.moth
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@ -13,17 +13,17 @@ Puzzle categories are laid out on the filesystem:
├─3
│ └─puzzle.py
├─10
│ └─puzzle.py
│ └─puzzle.moth
└─100
└─puzzle.moth
└─puzzle.py
In this example,
there are puzzles with point values 1, 2, 3, 10, and 100.
Puzzles 1, 2, and 100 are "static" puzzles:
Puzzles 1, 2, and 10 are "static" puzzles:
their content was written by hand.
Puzzles 3 and 10 are "dynamic" puzzles:
Puzzles 3 and 100 are "dynamic" puzzles:
they are generated from a Python module.
To create a static puzzle, all you must have is a

90
example-puzzles/example/10/puzzle.moth Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
Author: neale
Summary: Making excellent puzzles
Answer: moo
Making Excellent Puzzles
====================
We (the dirtbags) use some core principles.
If you're writing puzzles for our events,
we expect you to bear these in mind.
If you're doing your own event,
you might still be interested in these:
it's the result of years of doing these events
and thinking hard about how to make the best possible experience for participants.
Respect The Player
---------------------------
Start with the assumption that the person playing your puzzle is intelligent,
can learn,
and can figure out whatever you ask of them.
If you observe in trial runs that they can't figure it out,
that indicates a problem on your end,
not theirs.
Expect Creative Mayhem
------------------------------------
This is a hacking contest.
People are going to be on the lookout for "ways around" your puzzles.
This is something we want them to do:
as a defender, they need to be always searching for holes in the defense.
Here are some examples of "ways around".
All of these have happened at prior events:
* Logging into your appliance and changing the access password
* Flooding your service off the network
* Brute-force attacking your 2-letter answer
* Photographing your printed list of answers while a team-mate chats with you
* Writing a script to create hundreds of new accounts faster than you can remove them
It's important to remember that they are here precisely to cause mayhem.
If you set up a playground where this sort of mayhem ruins the experience for other players,
we (the people running the event) can't penalize participants for doing what we've asked them to.
Instead, we have to devalue points in your category to the point where nobody wants to bother playing it any more.
Make The Work Easier than Guessing The Answer
--------------------------------------------------------
An important corrolary to expecting creative mayhem is that people are going to
work hard to come up with creative ways to get points without doing the work you ask.
It's okay to make your work about the same level of difficulty as guessing the answer.
For instance, we use a few 4-byte answers.
It would take about four hours to try submitting every possible answer,
and if people want to spend their time coding up a brute-force attack,
that is a constructive use of their event time and we're okay with it.
Typically people give up on this line of attack when they realize
how much time it's going to take
(figuring this out is also a productive use of time),
but once in a while people will go ahead.
This means your answers need to be resistant to guessing and brute force attacks.
True/false questions are, needless to say, going to result in us laughing at you.
There's More Than One Way To Do It
----------------------------------------------------
Don't make puzzles that require a specific solution strategy.
For instance,
we're not going to allow puzzles that require a certain technology
(such as "what is the third item in the File menu on product X's interface?").
Rather, if your goal is to highlight a technology,
you should create puzzles that show off how great the product is for this application,
compared to alternatives.
Something like "mount this file system from 1982 and paste the contents of the file named `foo`"
might be trivial in a certain product and take hours by other means.
That's fine.
That's what we want to see.
----
The answer for this page is `moo`

25
example-puzzles/example/100/puzzle.py Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
#!/usr/bin/python3
import io
def make(puzzle):
puzzle.author = 'neale'
puzzle.summary = 'crazy stuff you can do with puzzle generation'
puzzle.body.write("## Crazy Things You Can Do With Puzzle Generation\n")
puzzle.body.write("\n")
puzzle.body.write("The source to this puzzle has some advanced examples of stuff you can do in Python.\n")
puzzle.body.write("\n")
# You can use any file-like object; even your own class that generates output.
f = io.BytesIO("This is some text! Isn't that fantastic?".encode('utf-8'))
puzzle.add_stream(f)
# We have debug logging
puzzle.log("You don't have to disable puzzle.log calls to move to production; the debug log is just ignored at build-time.")
puzzle.log("HTML is <i>escaped</i>, so you don't have to worry about that!")
puzzle.answers.append('coffee')
answer = puzzle.make_answer() # Generates a random answer, appending it to puzzle.answers too
puzzle.log("Answers: {}".format(puzzle.answers))

1
example-puzzles/example/2/puzzle.moth
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@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
Author: neale
Summary: Static puzzle resource files
File: salad.jpg
Answer: salad
You can include additional resources in a static puzzle,

9
example-puzzles/example/3/puzzle.py
View File

@ -14,7 +14,14 @@ def make(puzzle):
puzzle.body.write("(Participants don't like it when puzzles and answers change.)\n")
puzzle.body.write("\n")
puzzle.add_file('salad.jpg')
puzzle.body.write("Here are some more pictures of salad:\n")
puzzle.body.write("<img src='salad.jpg' alt='Markdown lets you insert raw HTML if you want'>")
puzzle.body.write("![salad](salad.jpg)")
puzzle.body.write("\n\n")
number = puzzle.rand.randint(20, 500)
puzzle.log("One is the loneliest number, but {} is the saddest number.".format(number))
puzzle.body.write("The answer for this page is {}.\n".format(answer))
puzzle.body.write("The answer for this page is `{}`.\n".format(answer))

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75
install
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@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
#! /bin/sh
DESTDIR=$1
if [ -z "$DESTDIR" ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 DESTDIR"
exit
fi
cd $(dirname $0)
older () {
[ -z "$1" ] && return 1
target=$1; shift
[ -f $target ] || return 0
for i in "$@"; do
[ $i -nt $target ] && return 0
done
return 1
}
copy () {
target=$DESTDIR/$1
if older $target $1; then
echo "COPY $1"
mkdir -p $(dirname $target)
cp $1 $target
fi
}
setup() {
[ -d $DESTDIR/state ] && return
echo "SETUP"
for i in points.new points.tmp teams; do
dir=$DESTDIR/state/$i
mkdir -p $dir
setfacl -m ${www}:rwx $dir
done
mkdir -p $DESTDIR/packages
>> $DESTDIR/state/points.log
if ! [ -f $DESTDIR/assigned.txt ]; then
hd </dev/urandom | awk '{print $3 $4 $5 $6;}' | head -n 100 > $DESTDIR/assigned.txt
fi
}
echo "Figuring out web user..."
for www in www-data http tc _ _www; do
id $www && break
done
if [ $www = _ ]; then
echo "Unable to determine httpd user on this system. Dying."
exit 1
fi
mkdir -p $DESTDIR || exit 1
setup
git ls-files | while read fn; do
case "$fn" in
install|.*)
;;
doc/*)
;;
www/*)
copy $fn
;;
bin/*)
copy $fn
;;
*)
echo "??? $fn"
;;
esac
done

127
package-puzzles
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@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import argparse
import binascii
import glob
import hashlib
import io
import json
import os
import shutil
import sys
import zipfile
import puzzles
TMPFILE = "%s.tmp"
def write_kv_pairs(ziphandle, filename, kv):
""" Write out a sorted map to file
:param ziphandle: a zipfile object
:param filename: The filename to write within the zipfile object
:param kv: the map to write out
:return:
"""
filehandle = io.StringIO()
for key in sorted(kv.keys()):
if type(kv[key]) == type([]):
for val in kv[key]:
filehandle.write("%s: %s%s" % (key, val, os.linesep))
else:
filehandle.write("%s: %s%s" % (key, kv[key], os.linesep))
filehandle.seek(0)
ziphandle.writestr(filename, filehandle.read())
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Build a category package')
parser.add_argument('categorydirs', nargs='+', help='Directory of category source')
parser.add_argument('outdir', help='Output directory')
args = parser.parse_args()
for categorydir in args.categorydirs:
puzzles_dict = {}
secrets = {}
categoryname = os.path.basename(categorydir.strip(os.sep))
# create zipfile
zipfilename = os.path.join(args.outdir, "%s.zip" % categoryname)
if os.path.exists(zipfilename):
# open and gather some state
zf = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilename, 'r')
try:
category_seed = zf.open(os.path.join(categoryname, "category_seed.txt")).read().strip()
except:
pass
zf.close()
zf = zipfile.ZipFile(TMPFILE % zipfilename, 'w')
if 'category_seed' not in locals():
category_seed = binascii.b2a_hex(os.urandom(20))
# read in category details (will be pflarr in future)
for categorypath in glob.glob(os.path.join(categorydir, "*", "puzzle.moth")):
points = categorypath.split(os.sep)[-2] # directory before '/puzzle.moth'
categorypath = os.path.dirname(categorypath)
print(categorypath)
try:
points = int(points)
except:
print("Failed to identify points on: %s" % categorypath, file=sys.stderr)
continue
puzzle = puzzles.Puzzle(category_seed, categorypath)
puzzles_dict[points] = puzzle
# build mapping, answers, and summary
mapping = {}
answers = {}
summary = {}
for points in sorted(puzzles_dict):
puzzle = puzzles_dict[points]
hashmap = hashlib.sha1(category_seed)
hashmap.update(str(points).encode('utf-8'))
mapping[points] = hashmap.hexdigest()
answers[points] = puzzle['answer']
if len(puzzle['summary']) > 0:
summary[points] = puzzle['summary']
# write mapping, answers, summary, category_seed
write_kv_pairs(zf, os.path.join(categoryname, 'map.txt'), mapping)
write_kv_pairs(zf, os.path.join(categoryname, 'answers.txt'), answers)
write_kv_pairs(zf, os.path.join(categoryname, 'summary.txt'), summary)
zf.writestr(os.path.join(categoryname, "category_seed.txt"), category_seed)
# write out puzzles
for points in sorted(puzzles_dict):
puzzle = puzzles_dict[points]
puzzledir = os.path.join(categoryname, 'content', mapping[points])
puzzledict = {
'author': puzzle.author,
'hashes': puzzle.hashes(),
'files': [f.name for f in puzzle.files if f.visible],
'body': puzzle.html_body(),
}
secretsdict = {
'summary': puzzle.summary,
'answers': puzzle.answers,
}
# write associated files
assoc_files = []
for fobj in puzzle['files']:
if fobj.visible == True:
assoc_files.append(fobj.name)
zf.writestr(os.path.join(puzzledir, fobj.name), \
fobj.handle.read())
if len(assoc_files) > 0:
puzzlejson["associated_files"] = assoc_files
# non-optimal writing of file-like objects, but it works
zf.writestr(os.path.join(puzzledir, 'puzzle.json'), \
json.dumps(puzzlejson))
# clean up
zf.close()
shutil.move(TMPFILE % zipfilename, zipfilename)
#vim:py

84
tools/build-puzzles.py
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@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/python3
import hmac
import base64
import argparse
import glob
import json
import os
import markdown
import random
messageChars = b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
def djb2hash(buf):
h = 5381
for c in buf:
h = ((h * 33) + c) & 0xffffffff
return h
class Puzzle:
def __init__(self, stream):
self.message = bytes(random.choice(messageChars) for i in range(20))
self.fields = {}
self.answers = []
self.hashes = []
body = []
header = True
for line in stream:
if header:
line = line.strip()
if not line.strip():
header = False
continue
key, val = line.split(':', 1)
key = key.lower()
val = val.strip()
self._add_field(key, val)
else:
body.append(line)
self.body = ''.join(body)
def _add_field(self, key, val):
if key == 'answer':
h = djb2hash(val.encode('utf8'))
self.answers.append(val)
self.hashes.append(h)
else:
self.fields[key] = val
def publish(self):
obj = {
'author': self.fields['author'],
'hashes': self.hashes,
'body': markdown.markdown(self.body),
}
return obj
def secrets(self):
obj = {
'answers': self.answers,
'summary': self.fields['summary'],
}
return obj
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Build a puzzle category')
parser.add_argument('puzzledir', nargs='+', help='Directory of puzzle source')
args = parser.parse_args()
for puzzledir in args.puzzledir:
puzzles = {}
secrets = {}
for puzzlePath in glob.glob(os.path.join(puzzledir, "*.moth")):
filename = os.path.basename(puzzlePath)
points, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
points = int(points)
puzzle = Puzzle(open(puzzlePath))
puzzles[points] = puzzle
for points in sorted(puzzles):
puzzle = puzzles[points]
print(puzzle.secrets())

35
tools/devel-server.py
View File

@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# To pick up any changes to this file without restarting anything:
# while true; do ./tools/devel-server.py --once; done
# It's kludgy, but it gets the job done.
# Feel free to make it suck less, for example using the `tcpserver` program.
import glob
import html
import http.server
@ -26,7 +31,6 @@ sys.dont_write_bytecode = True
# XXX: This will eventually cause a problem. Do something more clever here.
seed = 1
def page(title, body):
return """<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
@ -58,6 +62,8 @@ class ThreadingServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, http.server.HTTPServer):
class MothHandler(http.server.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
puzzles_dir = "puzzles"
def handle_one_request(self):
try:
super().handle_one_request()
@ -122,7 +128,7 @@ you are a fool.
puzzle = None
try:
fpath = os.path.join("puzzles", parts[2])
fpath = os.path.join(self.puzzles_dir, parts[2])
points = int(parts[3])
except:
pass
@ -135,15 +141,16 @@ you are a fool.
if not cat:
title = "Puzzle Categories"
body.write("<ul>")
for i in sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join("puzzles", "*", ""))):
body.write('<li><a href="{}">{}</a></li>'.format(i, i))
for i in sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(self.puzzles_dir, "*", ""))):
bn = os.path.basename(i.strip('/\\'))
body.write('<li><a href="/puzzles/{}">puzzles/{}/</a></li>'.format(bn, bn))
body.write("</ul>")
elif not puzzle:
# List all point values in a category
title = "Puzzles in category `{}`".format(parts[2])
body.write("<ul>")
for points in cat.pointvals:
body.write('<li><a href="/puzzles/{cat}/{points}">puzzles/{cat}/{points}</a></li>'.format(cat=parts[2], points=points))
body.write('<li><a href="/puzzles/{cat}/{points}/">puzzles/{cat}/{points}/</a></li>'.format(cat=parts[2], points=points))
body.write("</ul>")
elif len(parts) == 4:
# Serve up a puzzle
@ -175,7 +182,7 @@ you are a fool.
try:
pfile = puzzle.files[parts[4]]
except KeyError:
self.send_error(HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, "File not found")
self.send_error(HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND, "File not found. Did you add it to the Files: header or puzzle.add_stream?")
return
ctype = self.guess_type(pfile.name)
self.send_response(HTTPStatus.OK)
@ -226,10 +233,22 @@ you are a fool.
self.wfile.write(payload)
def run(address=('localhost', 8080)):
def run(address=('localhost', 8080), once=False):
httpd = ThreadingServer(address, MothHandler)
print("=== Listening on http://{}:{}/".format(address[0], address[1]))
if once:
httpd.handle_request()
else:
httpd.serve_forever()
if __name__ == '__main__':
run()
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="MOTH puzzle development server")
parser.add_argument('--puzzles', default='puzzles',
help="Directory containing your puzzles")
parser.add_argument('--once', default=False, action='store_true',
help="Serve one page, then exit. For debugging the server.")
args = parser.parse_args()
MothHandler.puzzles_dir = args.puzzles
run(once=args.once)

18
tools/moth.py
View File

@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class Puzzle:
def log(self, msg):
"""Add a new log message to this puzzle."""
self.logs.append(msg)
self.logs.append(str(msg))
def read_stream(self, stream):
header = True
@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ class Puzzle:
continue
key, val = line.split(':', 1)
key = key.lower()
val = val.strip()
if key == 'author':
self.author = val
elif key == 'summary':
@ -116,11 +117,11 @@ class Puzzle:
except FileNotFoundError:
puzzle_mod = None
if puzzle_mod:
with pushd(path):
if puzzle_mod:
puzzle_mod.make(self)
else:
with open(os.path.join(path, 'puzzle.moth')) as f:
with open('puzzle.moth') as f:
self.read_stream(f)
def random_hash(self):
@ -146,12 +147,17 @@ class Puzzle:
name = self.random_hash()
self.files[name] = PuzzleFile(stream, name, visible)
def add_file(self, filename, visible=True):
fd = open(filename, 'rb')
name = os.path.basename(filename)
self.add_stream(fd, name=name, visible=visible)
def randword(self):
"""Return a randomly-chosen word"""
return self.rand.choice(ANSWER_WORDS)
def make_answer(self, word_count, sep=' '):
def make_answer(self, word_count=4, sep=' '):
"""Generate and return a new answer. It's automatically added to the puzzle answer list.
:param int word_count: The number of words to include in the answer.
:param str|bytes sep: The word separator.
@ -173,7 +179,7 @@ class Puzzle:
def hashes(self):
"Return a list of answer hashes"
return [djbhash(a) for a in self.answers]
return [djb2hash(a.encode('utf-8')) for a in self.answers]
class Category:
@ -207,6 +213,6 @@ class Category:
puzzle.read_directory(path)
return puzzle
def puzzles(self):
def __iter__(self):
for points in self.pointvals:
yield self.puzzle(points)

112
tools/package-puzzles.py Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import argparse
import binascii
import glob
import hashlib
import io
import json
import logging
import moth
import os
import shutil
import string
import sys
import tempfile
import zipfile
def write_kv_pairs(ziphandle, filename, kv):
""" Write out a sorted map to file
:param ziphandle: a zipfile object
:param filename: The filename to write within the zipfile object
:param kv: the map to write out
:return:
"""
filehandle = io.StringIO()
for key in sorted(kv.keys()):
if type(kv[key]) == type([]):
for val in kv[key]:
filehandle.write("%s: %s%s" % (key, val, os.linesep))
else:
filehandle.write("%s: %s%s" % (key, kv[key], os.linesep))
filehandle.seek(0)
ziphandle.writestr(filename, filehandle.read())
def build_category(categorydir, outdir):
zipfileraw = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
zf = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfileraw, 'x')
category_seed = binascii.b2a_hex(os.urandom(20))
puzzles_dict = {}
secrets = {}
categoryname = os.path.basename(categorydir.strip(os.sep))
seedfn = os.path.join("category_seed.txt")
zipfilename = os.path.join(outdir, "%s.zip" % categoryname)
logging.info("Building {} from {}".format(zipfilename, categorydir))
if os.path.exists(zipfilename):
# open and gather some state
existing = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilename, 'r')
try:
category_seed = existing.open(seedfn).read().strip()
except:
pass
existing.close()
logging.debug("Using PRNG seed {}".format(category_seed))
zf.writestr(seedfn, category_seed)
cat = moth.Category(categorydir, category_seed)
mapping = {}
answers = {}
summary = {}
for puzzle in cat:
logging.info("Processing point value {}".format(puzzle.points))
hashmap = hashlib.sha1(category_seed)
hashmap.update(str(puzzle.points).encode('utf-8'))
puzzlehash = hashmap.hexdigest()
mapping[puzzle.points] = puzzlehash
answers[puzzle.points] = puzzle.answers
summary[puzzle.points] = puzzle.summary
puzzledir = os.path.join('content', puzzlehash)
files = []
for fn, f in puzzle.files.items():
if f.visible:
files.append(fn)
payload = f.stream.read()
zf.writestr(os.path.join(puzzledir, fn), payload)
puzzledict = {
'author': puzzle.author,
'hashes': puzzle.hashes(),
'files': files,
'body': puzzle.html_body(),
}
puzzlejson = json.dumps(puzzledict)
zf.writestr(os.path.join(puzzledir, 'puzzle.json'), puzzlejson)
write_kv_pairs(zf, 'map.txt', mapping)
write_kv_pairs(zf, 'answers.txt', answers)
write_kv_pairs(zf, 'summaries.txt', summary)
# clean up
zf.close()
shutil.move(zipfileraw.name, zipfilename)
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Build a category package')
parser.add_argument('categorydirs', nargs='+', help='Directory of category source')
parser.add_argument('outdir', help='Output directory')
args = parser.parse_args()
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
for categorydir in args.categorydirs:
build_category(categorydir, args.outdir)